I had an extended conversation with a colleague over the weekend about what he (as a non-solid state chemist) should convey to students about solids. Happily, this conversation was made all the more pleasant by L'énorme (GIANT cone of Belgian fries) and some good beer. Here's what I think are the 7 things that students should know about solids coming out of an inorganic chemistry course. Maybe you don't have time or expertise do all 7, but some is better than none.
1. Visualizing structures of solids: Unit cells, coordination numbers and stoichiometry in the structures of metals and nonmetals, basic ionic solids, and examples from complex structure types (i.e. perovskites or zeolites or MOFs)
2. The possibilities offered by the formation of solid solutions: i.e. tuning the band gap in GaAsxP1-x
3. Basic electronic structure of metals vs. semiconductors vs. insulators
4. Electrical conductivity in solids: electrical vs. ionic conductivity, possibly superconductivity
5. Doping in semiconductors: n-type vs. p-type silicon, for example
6. Magnetism in solids: diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism (even a basic understanding here of what the difference is between these three types of magnetic ordering is fine)
7. Some discussion of the inorganic chemistry of a technologically important solid or class of solids: This could be drawn from semiconductors, LEDs, lithium ion battery materials, superconductors, catalysts, or magnets. The important point is to connect the properties of the material in some way to structure and composition.
What do you think of this list? Other topics you would add? If you only had time to do 3, which 3 are most important to you?
My 3 most important: Visualizing structures of solids, types of magnetism in solids, Doping in semiconductors/bands
Well, as the beer-swilling, L'enorme-munching colleague in question, I think this is a great list. In actuality, I think I ended up doing 1 in a surface way, 4 more in a monolayer fashion, 3, 5, and 7 in bulk (or as well as I'm likely to be able to do as an outsider), and 6 not at all. What I like most about this list, is it gives me a method of....well, not to use a dirty word in public, but, Assessment. It gives me something I can come back to in a year, and say, "OK, this year, I really want to tackle magnetism in solids and so more complex structures...these other areas are fine until those get fixed."
To me, the limit isn't so much time (though there is that). The limit is that in this course, I'm always balancing between optimally covering the field and giving the best course I can give. I could teach a fantastic course in mechanistic organometallics, but that would short the students. I can give equal time to all areas, but then I would spend most of the course teaching badly, since I'd be teaching material for which I lack the comprehension depth to bring anything into the classroom besides a thorough reading of the textbook chapter. That would short the students.
As a result, at the end of the day, I teach a very specialized course which I'm trying to make a little more general every time I teach it as my own knowledge of the field grows. Eventually, I'll be smart enough that I'll feel like I have so much knowledge that I have to teach my students that I just can't do it all in one semester, but I'm a ways from that yet, and by then I'll probably start forgetting that material through senility. Come to think of it, that latter process may already have begun-I can't remember.
So, I have a "problem"...I've volunteered myself to give a 50 minute lecture highlighting Magnetism to a small group of students that are a combination of 2nd semester general chemistry (will have spent 4 days on Trans metals) and Materials Chemistry class.
Any good suggestions on how to approach this would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
Chris
In reply to Magnetism by Chris Mullins / University of Kentucky
In reply to Magnetism by Hilary Eppley / DePauw University
Thanks Hilary,
This is kind of the way I was leaning...do you know of any particularly good resources I could point out?
Thanks,
Chris
In reply to Re: Magnetism by Chris Mullins / University of Kentucky
I agree with Maggie on this one. If I had to whittle my list down to three, it would be 1, 2, and 7. Structure (1) is critical for any understanding of the topic. Nonstoichiometry (2) is what makes solids so different from molecules. And properties (7) are how we are going to convince them how solids are cool and worth looking into deeper.
Of course, this past year, I've had a number of students send email and say the most useful thing they've learned from the units in solids is symmetry in plane and space groups. This certainly isn't the answer that I would have expected!